Yuav tsum nyeem rau Kev Lag Luam Txawv Tebchaws | Cov drones puas xav tau daim ntawv tso cai xa tawm ob zaug? Kev tswj hwm + txheej txheem kuaj xyuas tus kheej tag nrho

Kev tswj hwm kev xa tawm ntawm drones tau nruj dua nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Ntau lub tuam txhab tau raug nplua vim lawv nkag siab yuam kev txog cov cai. Koj puas xav tau daim ntawv tso cai xa tawm ob zaug rau kev xa tawm drone? Tsab xov xwm no piav qhia txog cov ciam teb tswj hwm thiab muab cov txheej txheem xyuas tus kheej ib kauj ruam zuj zus.

Muaj ntau lub tuam txhab ntseeg yuam kev tias cov drones rau cov neeg siv khoom lossis cov drones ua liaj ua teb yog "pej xeem" thiab yog li ntawd tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv tso cai. Qhov no yog kev nkag siab yuam kev loj heev.

Raws li Txoj Cai Tswj Kev Xa Khoom Tawm, Cov Cai Tswj Kev Xa Khoom Tawm ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ob Zaug, thiab Daim Ntawv Teev Cov Khoom Siv Ob Zaug xyoo 2026 uas tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm No. 91 ntawm xyoo 2025 ntawm Ministry of Commerce thiab General Administration of Customs, kev tswj kev xa khoom tawm ntawm drone yog raws licov lus qhia txog kev siv tshuab- tsis yog rau kev siv uas tau npaj tseg. Cov drones ua liaj ua teb, kev thaij duab saum huab cua, lossis cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv tso cai yog tias lawv cov kev teeb tsa ua tau raws li qhov txwv tswj hwm.

Tuam Tshoj siv lub kaw lus tswj hwm ob txoj kev:

• 1. Cov drones siv rau tub rog(piv txwv li kev soj ntsuam, kev tawm tsam) → xav tau Daim Ntawv Tso Cai Xa Khoom Mus Rau Tub Rog;
• 2. Cov drones pej xeem(thiab lawv cov khoom thauj thiab cov khoom siv txhawb nqa) uas ua tau raws li cov kev cai lij choj → xav tau Daim Ntawv Tso Cai Xa Khoom Siv Ob Zaug thiab Daim Ntawv Tso Cai Xa Khoom Tawm.

Raws li Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Tswj Kev Xa Khoom Tawm ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ob Zaug ntawm Lub Tebchaws Suav thiab Daim Ntawv Teev Npe rau Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Xa Khoom Tuaj thiab Xa Khoom Tawm rau Cov Khoom Siv Ob Zaug thiab Cov Txuj Ci (2026 Edition), qhov kev tswj hwm rau drones thiab cov khoom cuam tshuam suav nrog rau rau pawg loj, txhua tus muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb meej.

(1) Cov drones tiav

Cov khoom xa tawm los ntawm drone raug them los ntawmob lub hauv paus tswj cov lej - 9A012 thiab 9A501nyob rau hauv Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Tswj Kev Xa Khoom Tawm Ob Zaug. Lub dav hlau tsis muaj neeg tsav (xws li cov nkoj tsis muaj neeg tsav) poob rau hauv kev tswj hwm yog tias nws ua tau raws liib qho twg los tauntawm cov kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm hauv qab no:

Lus Cim Zam: Cov qauv dav hlau uas tsim los rau kev lom zem lossis kev sib tw xwb tsis raug tswj hwm tag nrho 9A501. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov qauv no raug hloov kho kom ua tau raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev cai saum toj no, lawv yuav xav tau daim ntawv tso cai.

(2) Cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb

Cov khoom thauj khoom ua tau zoo uas tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov UAVs uas tswj tau raug teev tseg cais hauv phau ntawv teev npe tswj vim tias lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tshawb nrhiav tub rog, kev nrhiav lub hom phiaj, lossis kev muaj peev xwm tawm tsam raug.Txawm yog xa tawm cais lossis ua ke nrog lub drone tag nrho, lawv yuav tsis raug xa tawm yam tsis muaj daim ntawv tso cai.

Plaub hom kev tswj hwm tseem ceeb yog:

1. Cov khoom siv duab infrared: qhov ntev ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm 780 nm thiab 30,000 nm, thiab qhov pom tam sim ntawd (IFOV) tsawg dua 2.5 milliradians;
2. Radar qhov qhib hluav taws xob (SAR): kev ua haujlwm ntau tshaj 5 km, nrog qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm hom kab txaij zoo dua 0.3 m, lossis qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm hom teeb pom kev zoo dua 0.1 m;
3. Cov lasers uas qhia txog lub hom phiaj: muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 55 ° C, hom tsis tswj kub, nrog lub zog ib zaug > 80 mJ, ruaj khov zoo dua 15%, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb <0.3 milliradians;
4. Cov khoom siv ntsuas inertial siabKev raug ntawm lub taub hau <2 degrees, kev raug ntawm lub kaum sab xis <0.5 degrees, thiab kev daws teeb meem <0.1 degree.

(3) Cov Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb

Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas siv tau ncaj qha los hloov kho lossis sib sau ua ke cov UAVs uas tswj tau, lossis txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo tseem ceeb, suav nrog hauv daim ntawv teev npe tswj hwm xyoo 2026.Tsab ntawv xyoo 2026 tshiab ntxiv "cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom tsim tshwj xeeb los hloov cov dav hlau uas muaj neeg tsav mus ua cov UAV uas tswj tau" rau hauv qhov kev tswj hwm.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tswj hwm tas li suav nrog:

• Cov cav dav hlau tshwj xeeb nrog lub zog siab tshaj plaws txuas ntxiv tshaj 16 kW;
• Kev tswj hwm kev ya dav hlau siab heev;
• Gyroscopes thiab lwm yam khoom siv.

(4) Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv UAV

Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv UAV pej xeem tau suav nrog rau hauv qhov kev tshaj tawm xa tawm rau cov khoom cuam tshuam nrog UAV. Cov neeg xa khoom tawm yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai tshaj tawm ntawm Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm No. 78 ntawm 2026 los ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Lis Kev Cai. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm No. 78 feem ntauua kom cov txheej txheem tshaj tawm kev xa khoom tawm raws li qauv(xws li sau cov "cov lej cim khoom txwv/tswj" thiab "cov ntsiab lus tshaj tawm rau cov khoom txwv/tswj") - nws tsis yog nws tus kheej tsim kom muaj qhov xwm txheej tswj. Seb lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv-UAV puas yog khoom tswj yuav tsum tseem txiav txim siab raws li cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb hauv Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Tswj Kev Xa Khoom ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ob Zaug.

(5) Kev tswj xyuas qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb

Txawm tias lub drone tsis tau teev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov khoom tswj hwm, kev xa tawm raug txwv yog tias tus neeg xa tawmpaub los yog yuav tsum paubtias cov khoom yuav raug siv rau kev tsim riam phom loj heev, kev ua phem, lossis lub hom phiaj tub rog.

(6) Kev tswj hwm tshwj xeeb rau lub tebchaws

Tsab Ntawv Tshaj Tawm No. 46 ntawm xyoo 2024 los ntawm Ministry of Commerce hais meej meej tias:txwv tsis pub xa tawm cov khoom siv tau ob yam mus rau cov neeg siv tub rog Asmeskas lossis rau cov tub rog Asmeskas siv.Hauv paus ntsiab lus, kev xa tawm cov khoom siv ob yam khoom uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv nyuaj heev mus rau Tebchaws Meskas tsis raug tso cai; rau cov khoom siv graphite ob yam khoom, kev tshuaj xyuas nruj dua ntawm cov neeg siv kawg thiab kev siv kawg yuav siv tau.

Kev siv txoj cai los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm kev lis kev cai thiab kev lag luam rau cov khoom siv tau ob yam tau nce ntxiv. Cov teeb meem ntawm kev xa tawm cov khoom siv tau ob yam tsis raug cai tau nce siab sai sai, thiab ntawm lawv, cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog drones thiab lawv cov khoom tau nce ntxiv ntau heev.

Kev nplua rau kev tswj hwmKev xa tawm cov khoom tswj hwm yam tsis muaj daim ntawv tso cai yuav raug nplua raws li Tshooj 34 ntawm Txoj Cai Tswj Xyuas Kev Xa Tawm. Hauv kev xyaum, muaj cov rooj plaub uas cov tuam txhab siv kev lag luam hla ciam teb (piv txwv li, hom 9610) los xa tawm cov khoom tswj hwm thiab raug nplua txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv tsis raug cai tsuas yog nyob ib puag ncig RMB 20,000.

Lub luag haujlwm txhaum caiYog tias tus neeg xa khoom tawm txhob txwm xa cov drones tswj hwm yam tsis muaj daim ntawv tso cai thiab tus nqi tshaj RMB 200,000, nws yuav suav tias yog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev coj cov khoom tsis raug cai los ntawm kev xa tawm / xa tawm, raug nplua txog li tsib xyoos ntawm kev kaw lossis raug kaw, nrog lossis tsis muaj nplua; yog tias tus nqi tshaj RMB 1 lab lossis yog tias muaj lwm yam xwm txheej hnyav dua, kev nplua yuav yog tsib xyoos lossis ntau dua hauv tsev loj cuj, ntxiv rau kev nplua.

Tseem ceebKev tso siab rau tus neeg xa khoom lossis lub tuam txhab xa khoom los ua haujlwm txog kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai tsis zam tus neeg xa khoom ntawm nws lub luag haujlwm ua raws li txoj cai. Tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum qhia meej rau tus neeg sawv cev txog qhov xwm txheej raug tswj hwm, tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm, thiab tsis txhob ua tus cwj pwm "cia tus neeg xa khoom ua haujlwm xwb".