Rov tshaj tawm los ntawm "Digital Dharma Circle": Ib Tsab Xov Xwm Yuav Tsum Nkag Siab: Kev Sib Raug Zoo Ntawm ERP thiab CRM, MRP, PLM, APS, MES, QMS, WMS, SRM.
Niaj hnub nim no, txawm tias nws yog kev tsim khoom, cov tuam txhab lag luam, lossis cov lag luam ua haujlwm raws li qhov project, thaum twg lub ncauj lus ntawm digitalization thiab informatization los txog, qhov xwm txheej feem ntau zoo li no:
◦ Tus Thawj Coj: "Peb puas yuav tsum siv ERP?"
◦ Tus Thawj Coj Ua Haujlwm: "Peb puas tsis xav tau CRM tam sim no?"
◦ Tus Thawj Coj Tsim Khoom: "Ua li cas txog MES? Tsis muaj ib qho zoo li tsis tau ua tiav."
◦ IT: "Qhov tseeb, APS, PLM, QMS, WMS, SRM ... lawv txhua tus tseem ceeb heev."
Tom qab ntawd chav sib ntsib ntsiag to li 3 vib nas this.
Tsis muaj leej twg twv yuav hu vim tsis muaj leej twg piav qhia meej: Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab ke no yog dab tsi tiag? Puas yog ib qho siab dua li lwm qhov? Puas muaj ntau dua txhais tau tias koj muaj peev xwm ntau dua?
Hauv tsab xov xwm hnub no, kuv yuav tsis koom nrog cov neeg muag khoom lossis cov tuam txhab kev sab laj. Kuv tsuas yog sawv ntawm lub zeem muag ntawm kev ua lag luam tiag tiag thiab piav qhia cov txheej txheem no:
● Lawv ua dab tsi
● Lawv daws cov teeb meem dab tsi
● Lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog ERP
● Thaum twg yuav tsum siv thiab thaum twg tsis txhob siv
Nco ntsoov ib kab lus xwb:
ERP tsis yog qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua lub tshuab; nws yog lub hauv paus paj hlwb.
1. Ua ntej, cia peb piav qhia qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:
ERP( Kev Npaj Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Tuam Txhab)tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb; nws yog ib pawg ntawm cov hauv paus kev ua haujlwm.
Muaj ntau tus neeg xav txog ERP thiab lawv thawj qhov kev xav yog: kev tswj hwm nyiaj txiag, kev tswj cov khoom muag, kev sau nqi thiab kev sau nyiaj ... Qhov no tsuas yog 30% yog qhov tseeb. ERP tiag tiag yog hais txog peb yam:
1. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv ntaub ntawv
2. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem ua lag luam
3. Kev tsim cov cai ua haujlwm
Hauv lwm lo lus:
ERP tswj hwm seb lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm li cas, tsis yog seb ib lub chaw haujlwm tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm li cas.
Yog li ntawd, cov kab ke uas koj hnov txog tom qab—CRM, MRP, PLM, APS, MES, QMS, WMS, SRM—tsis muaj ib qho ntawm lawv hloov ERP. Lawv yog cov peev xwm me ntawm ERP lossis kev txuas ntxiv ntawm ERP.
Cia peb rhuav lawv ib qho los ntawm ib qho.
II. ERP thiab CRM: Ib tug tswj hwm txoj kev khwv tau nyiaj, lwm tus tswj hwm txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov neeg siv khoom
CRM (Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Sib Raug Zoo ntawm Cov Neeg Siv Khoom) ua dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, CRM ua ib yam: hloov kev muag khoom los ntawm kev xav hauv plab mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi uas tswj tau, tshuaj xyuas tau, thiab rov ua dua tau.
Nws tsom mus rau:
• Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj qhov twg (cov thawj coj)
• Leej twg yog tus saib xyuas (tus neeg muag khoom)
• Qhov kev soj ntsuam no nyob rau theem twg lawm?
• Seb puas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob daim ntawv cog lus?
• Seb puas muaj peev xwm muag khoom ntxiv tom qab kaw
Yog li ntawd, ERP tswj hwm dab tsi?
ERP mob siab txog:
• Seb daim ntawv xaj no puas txais tau
• Tus nqi yog dab tsi
• Seb qhov nyiaj tau los tag nrho puas suav tau meej meej
• Txawm hais tias kev xa khoom, kev sau nqi, thiab kev sau nyiaj yog ib qho kev kaw voj voog
Koj tuaj yeem nkag siab nws li no: CRM tswj hwm tus nqi pem hauv ntej, ERP tswj hwm kev txhawb nqa backend.
Cov kev cog lus yeej hauv CRM, thiab ua tiav, daws teeb meem, thiab suav nrog hauv ERP.
Yog tsis muaj ERP, txawm tias muaj ntau qhov kev cog lus hauv CRM, kev nyiaj txiag, cov khoom muag, thiab kev xa khoom yuav tsis yooj yim. Yog tsis muaj CRM, txawm tias muaj ERP tiav, kev muag khoom pem hauv ntej tsuas yog vam khom kev taug qab thiab kev xav ntawm tes xwb.
Hauv ib qho luv luv: Rau cov lag luam muag khoom, nws yuav tsum yogCRM + ERPua haujlwm ua ke, tsis xaiv ib qho hla ib qho.
III. ERP thiab MRP: MRP Tsis yog ib lub System ywj pheej, tab sis yog ib lub peev xwm
Qhov no yog qhov nkag siab yuam kev tshaj plaws.
MRP yog dab tsi tiag?
MRP = Kev Npaj Cov Khoom Siv. Nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tsuas yog ib kab lus xwb:
Raws li cov xaj thiab cov khoom muag, xam seb yuav yuav dab tsi, yuav ntau npaum li cas, thiab yuav thaum twg.
Nco ntsoov, kuv hais tias xam.
Nws muaj kev sib raug zoo li cas nrog ERP?
Hauv ERP niaj hnub no: MRP yog ib qho ntawm cov modules tseem ceeb ntawm ERP. Hauv lwm lo lus: yog tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb los ntawm ERP (BOM, cov khoom muag, cov xaj), MRP kev suav yuav tsis raug.
Yog tias koj yuav ib lub tshuab MRP uas sawv ntsug, nws yuav zoo li:
• Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau xa tuaj ntawm tes
• Cov txiaj ntsig yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los ntawm tes
• Koj tseem cia siab rau kev xav tom qab kev xam lej
Qhov teeb meem ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tsis yog qhov tsis muaj MRP, tab sis:
• BOM tsis raug
• Cov khoom muag tsis raug
• Kev hloov pauv tsis zoo
Tom qab ntawd lawv liam tias lub kaw lus yog. Yog tias MRP kev xam tsis raug, 90% ntawm lub sijhawm nws yog teeb meem cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim, tsis yog teeb meem algorithm.
IV. ERP thiab PLM: Ib tug tswj hwm yuav ua li cas muag khoom, lwm tus tswj hwm yuav ua li cas tsim qauv
PLM ua dab tsi?
PLM = Kev Tswj Xyuas Lub Neej Khoom. Nws tsom mus rau:
• Cov qauv khoom (BOM)
• Cov duab kos, cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm version
• Cov qauv kev txawj ntse
Hauv kev xaus lus, PLM tswj cov khoom los ntawm kev tsim qauv mus rau qhov ua tiav.
Thaum twg ERP xav tau PLM?
Yog tias koj nyob hauv kev tsim khoom tsis yog tus qauv, muaj ntau yam khoom, lossis hloov pauv tsim qauv ntau zaus, ces kev tswj hwm BOM uas ua rau hauv ERP tej zaum yuav tsis txaus.
Txog rau lub sijhawm no, koj xav tau PLM los tswj cov ntaub ntawv kev siv tshuab ua ntej, thiab ERP los tswj kev tsim khoom, kev yuav khoom, thiab tus nqi hauv backend, piv txwv li:
• PLM txiav txim siab seb yuav siv dab tsi hauv kev tsim qauv
• ERP txiav txim siab seb yuav yuav dab tsi, siv dab tsi, thiab yuav siv nyiaj ntau npaum li cas,
Yog tias ob lub tshuab tsis sib koom ua ke, qhov teeb meem feem ntau yog: daim duab kos yog V3, kev yuav khoom yuav raws li V2, tus nqi raug suav raws li V1, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho lub tuam txhab yuav tsum ris lub luag haujlwm ua ke.
V. ERP thiab APS: Ib tug xam seb puas yuav tsum ua tiav, lwm tus xam seb yuav teem sijhawm li cas kom tsim nyog tshaj plaws
APS ua dab tsi?
APS = Kev Npaj thiab Teem Sijhawm Siab Tshaj Plaws. Nws daws tau qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab mob heev: ntau daim ntawv xaj, cov peev txheej tsawg, hnub kawg nruj, thiab kev teem sijhawm tes tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li.
APS tsom mus rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv, cov txheej txheem ua tiav, cov nqi hloov pauv, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa khoom.
ERP tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev teem sijhawm ntau lawm?
Nws ua tau, tab sis ERP leans ntau dua rau kev npaj ua ntej, thaum APS leans ntau dua rau kev teem sijhawm kom ntxaws.
Koj tuaj yeem nkag siab nws li:
• ERP qhia koj: Yuav tsim tau pes tsawg lub hlis no
• APS qhia rau koj: Lub tshuab tshwj xeeb no yuav tsum ua haujlwm rau qhov kev txiav txim twg tag kis sawv ntxov
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum siv APS?
Tsis yog thaum koj mus txog ib qho ntsuas, tab sis thaum koj ua tau raws li cov yam ntxwv no:
• Muaj ntau yam, tsawg tsawg
• Hloov hnub xa khoom ntau zaus
• Cov khoom siv uas pom tseeb tias tsis ruaj khov
Txwv tsis pub, txawm tias muaj APS siv los xij, koj yuav muaj cov duab kos Gantt zoo nkauj thaum lub khw tseem tsis ua raws li lawv.
VI. ERP thiab MES: Ib qho nyob hauv Chaw Ua Haujlwm, lwm qhov nyob hauv Pem Teb Khw
MES tswj hwm dab tsi?
MES = Lub Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm Tsim Khoom. Nws saib xyuas:
• Kev ua tiav daim ntawv txib ua haujlwm
• Kev tshaj tawm txog cov txheej txheem
• Cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv
• Kev zam tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim khoom
Hauv kev xaus lus, MES tswj hwm qhov tseeb uas tshwm sim hauv pem teb.
ERP tswj hwm dab tsi?
ERP tswj cov phiaj xwm, cov nqi, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev them nyiaj.
Qhov teeb meem rau ntau lub tuam txhab yog tias cov phiaj xwm ERP zoo nkauj heev, tab sis kev ua haujlwm hauv khw muag khoom tsuas yog siv cov pab pawg WeChat thiab cov whiteboards xwb. Thaum kawg, cov ntaub ntawv hauv ERP raug nkag mus tom qab qhov tseeb.
Txoj kev kom raug yog:
• ERP teeb tsa cov phiaj xwm
• MES muab cov lus taw qhia tiag tiag rau kev ua tiav
• Tus nqi, kev nce qib yuav rov qab los tsis tu ncua
Txwv tsis pub, ERP yuav yog lub kaw lus "kev coj noj coj ua nkaus xwb".
VII. ERP thiab QMS: Ib tug tswj cov txiaj ntsig, lwm tus tswj cov txheej txheem
QMS ua dab tsi?
QMS = Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo.Nws saib xyuas:
● Kev tshuaj xyuas tuaj txog
● Kev tshuaj xyuas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm
● Kev tshuaj xyuas tawm
● Kev tsis ua raws li txoj cai, kev kho kom raug, kev tiv thaiv
Puas yog qhov module zoo hauv ERP txaus?
Rau cov lag luam me, yog. Rau cov lag luam uas muaj cov kev xav tau zoo, tsis yog.
Vim tias qhov module zoo hauv ERP feem ntau yog hais txog kev sau thiab cov txiaj ntsig, thaum QMS hais ntau ntxiv:
● Kev tswj cov txheej txheem
● Kev taug qab tau
● Kev txhim kho kom zoo dua qub
QMS yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj hwm qhov zoo li cas, ERP yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tus nqi thiab kev xa khoom.
VIII. ERP thiab WMS: Ib tug tswj cov phau ntawv, lwm tus tswj cov chaw
WMS ua dab tsi?
WMS = Warehouse Management System. Nws daws tau cov teeb meem no:
● Kev tswj qhov chaw
● Xaiv txoj kev
● Cov lej ua pawg, hnub tas sij hawm
● Cov lej cim, kev luam theej duab
Puas yog ERP tsis muaj cov khoom muag?
Yog, tab sis ERP yog hais txog cov nyiaj ntau thiab cov nyiaj muaj nqis, thaum WMS tswj hwm:
● Qhov chaw uas cov khoom muag
● Yuav ua li cas thiaj tau lawv
● Leej twg ua yuam kev
Thaum twg koj xav tau WMS?
Thaum koj ntsib:
● Kev suav cov khoom muag yog qhov tseeb, tab sis qhov chaw tsis meej pem
● Kev nrhiav khoom nyob ntawm kev paub dhau los
● Tus nqi xa khoom tsis raug yog siab heev
Qhov ntawd yog qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj rau ERP + WMS.
IX. ERP thiab SRM: Ib tug tswj cov txheej txheem sab hauv, lwm tus tswj kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg muab khoom
SRM ua dab tsi?
SRM = Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Sib Raug Zoo ntawm Cov Neeg Muab KhoomNws saib xyuas:
● Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg muab khoom
● Lub sijhawm xa khoom, qhov zoo
● Kev koom tes sib haum xeeb
● Kev pom tseeb ntawm kev yuav khoom
Puas yog qhov module procurement hauv ERP tsis txaus?
Nws yog, tab sis nws tsuas yog daws cov txheej txheem sab hauv.
SRM daws cov teeb meem kev koom tes ntawm ntau lub koom haum, xws li:
● Cov neeg muag khoom lees paub cov xaj online
● Kev sib tham hauv online
● Kev tswj xyuas cov teeb meem zoo uas kaw-voj
X. Cov Lus Qhia Kawg
Koj tuaj yeem nco qab daim duab qhia kev sib raug zoo no ncaj qha:
● ERP: Lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab
● CRM: Kev muag khoom pem hauv ntej
● MRP: Muaj peev xwm xam cov khoom siv
● PLM: Qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab thev naus laus zis
● APS: Cov cuab yeej teem sijhawm siab heev
● MES: Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm hauv khw
● QMS: Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo
● WMS: Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev rau khoom
● SRM: Kev koom tes ua ke ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj
Nws tsis yog hais tias ntau lub tshuab zoo dua.
Es tsis txhob,koj qhov teeb meem mob tshaj plaws tam sim no puas tsim nyog daws nrog lub kaw lus tshwj xeeb?
——Qhov Kawg——
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-30-2026