Kev loj hlob ntawm Cov Thawv Dej Hauv Lub Ntiaj Teb Kev thauj mus los hauv Suav teb
Thaum Ntxov Kev Thauj Khoom Hauv Tebchaws
Tuam Tshoj txoj kev thauj khoom ntim dej hauv tsev tau pib ntxov. Hauv xyoo 1950, cov thawv ntoo twb tau siv rau kev thauj khoom txav ntawm Shanghai Chaw nres nkoj thiab Dalian Chaw nres nkoj.
Los ntawm xyoo 1970, cov thawv steel - feem ntau hauv 5-tuj thiab 10-tuj specifications - tau nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab maj mam txuas mus rau kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv.
Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj ntau yam txwv xws li:
• Cov nqi ua haujlwm siab
• Cov khoom tsim tau qis dua
• Muaj peev xwm ua lag luam tsawg
• Kev xav tau hauv tsev tsis txaus
Sawv ntawm Standardized Domestic Thawv Thauj
Kev txuas ntxiv tob zuj zus ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev hloov kho thiab qhib-up, nrog rau kev hloov kho kev lag luam, ua rau muaj kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam ntshuam thiab xa tawm.
Thawv thauj khoom tau pib vam meej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntug dej hiav txwv, qhov twg cov infrastructure thiab logistics xav tau tsim dua.
Kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam txawv teb chaws cov kev pabcuam ntim tau tsim cov kev pabcuam zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam ntim khoom lag luam, muab:
• Muaj txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm
• Muaj kev sib txuas lus logistics
• Cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog platforms
Ib qho tseem ceeb tseem ceeb tshwm sim thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 16, 1996, thaum Tuam Tshoj thawj zaug teem lub thawv ntim hauv tsev, lub nkoj "Fengshun", tau tawm ntawm Xiamen Chaw nres nkoj nqa thoob ntiaj teb tus qauv dav dav ntim ntim.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam maritime thawv thauj khoom suav nrog:
01. Kev ua haujlwm siab
Kev thauj mus los ntim cia tso cai rau cov khoom thauj khoom thauj thiab thauj khoom sai, txo tus naj npawb ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab tuav, thiab txhim kho kev thauj mus los tag nrho. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov txheej txheem ntim loj tso cai rau cov nkoj thiab cov chaw nres nkoj kom zoo dua qub, txhim kho kev thauj mus los ntxiv.
02. Kev lag luam
Thawv thauj los ntawm hiav txwv feem ntau yog kev lag luam ntau dua li kev thauj mus los hauv av. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom lag luam thiab kev thauj mus los ntev, kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv tuaj yeem txo cov nqi tsheb thauj mus los.
03. Kev nyab xeeb
Lub thawv muaj cov qauv muaj zog thiab kev sib khi ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom zoo los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thaum caij nkoj hauv hiav txwv kuj ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev thauj khoom.
04. Yooj yim
Containerized tsheb thauj mus los ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov khoom xa los ntawm ib qho chaw nres nkoj mus rau lwm qhov, paub txog kev sib txuas ntawm kev thauj mus los ntau yam. Qhov kev hloov pauv no ua rau kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv hauv tebchaws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau yam kev xav tau logistics.
05. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Piv nrog rau kev thauj mus los, kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg dua, uas yuav pab txo qis kev ua qias tuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev thauj mus los hauv cov thawv ntim kuj tseem txo cov cim ntim cov khoom pov tseg, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
| South China Routes | Chaw nres nkoj | Lub Sijhawm Hla Dhau |
| Shanghai - Guangzhou | Guangzhou (ntawm Nansha Phase IV, Shekou, Zhongshan, Xiaolan, Zhuhai International Terminal, Xinhui, Shunde, Nan’an, Heshan, Huadu, Longgui, Sanjiao, Zhaoqing, Xinhui, Fanyu, Gongyi, Yueping) | 3 hnub |
| Shanghai - Dongguan Intl. | Dongguan (ntawm Haikou, Jiangmen, Yangjiang, Leliu, Tongde, Zhongshan, Xiaolan, Zhuhai Terminal, Xinhui, Shunde, Nan’an, Heshan, Huadu, Longgui, Sanjiao, Zhaoqing, Xinhui, Gongyi, Yueping) | 3 hnub |
| Shanghai - Xiamen | Xiamen (ntawm Quanzhou, Fuqing, Fuzhou, Chaozhou, Shantou, Xuwen, Yangpu, Zhanjiang, Beihai, Fangcheng, Tieshan, Jieyang) | 3 hnub |
| Tais - Jieyang | Jieyang | 5 hnub |
| Taigang - Zhanjiang | Zhanjiang | 5 hnub |
| Taigang - Haikou | Haikou | 7 noj |
| North China Routes | Chaw nres nkoj | Lub Sijhawm Hla Dhau |
| Shanghai/Taicang - Yingkou | Yingkou | 2.5 noj |
| Shanghai - Jingtang | Jingtang (ntawm Tianjin) | 2.5 noj |
| Shanghai Luojing - Tianjin | Tianjin (ntawm Pacific International Terminal) | 2.5 noj |
| Shanghai - Dalian | Dalian | 2.5 noj |
| Shanghai - Qingdao | Qingdao (ntawm Rizhao, thiab txuas mus rau Yantai, Dalian, Weifang, Weihai, thiab Weifang) | 2.5 noj |
| Yangtze River Routes | Chaw nres nkoj | Lub Sijhawm Hla Dhau |
| Taigang - Wuhan | Wuhan | 7-8 hnub |
| Taigang - Chongqing | Chongqing (ntawm Jiujiang, Yichang, Luzhou, Chongqing, Yibin) | 20 hnub |
Tam sim no lub thawv ntim khoom xa khoom hauv tsev tau ua tiav tag nrho cov kev pabcuam thoob plaws Tuam Tshoj cov ntug hiav txwv dej thiab cov dej loj hauv cov phwj. Tag nrho cov kev tsim kho tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev ruaj ntseg, teem caij ua haujlwm liner. Cov tuam txhab xa khoom tseem ceeb hauv tsev koom nrog kev thauj mus los ntawm ntug hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv suav nrog: Zhonggu Shipping, COSCO, Sinfeng Shipping, thiab Antong Holdings.
Taigang Chaw nres nkoj tau pib cov kev pabcuam xa ncaj qha mus rau cov chaw nres tsheb hauv Fuyang, Fengyang, Huaibin, Jiujiang, thiab Nanchang, thaum tseem nce qhov zaus ntawm cov nqi them nqi mus rau Suqian. Cov kev txhim kho no ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib txuas nrog cov chaw thauj khoom tseem ceeb hauv Anhui, Henan, thiab Jiangxi xeev. Kev vam meej tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav kev lag luam nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm tus dej Yangtze.
Common Container Types in Domestic Containerized Shipping
Container Specifications:
• 20GP (Lub Hom Phiaj 20-ko taw thawv)
• Sab hauv Dimensions: 5.95 × 2.34 × 2.38 m
• Max Gross Nyhav: 27 tons
• Usable Volume: 24–26 CBM
• Lub Npe Npe: "Me me Thawv"
• 40GP (Lub Hom Phiaj 40-taw thawv)
• Sab hauv Dimensions: 11.95 × 2.34 × 2.38 m
• Max Gross Nyhav: 26 tons
• Usable Volume: approx. 54 CWB
• Lub Npe Npe: "Standard Container"
• 40HQ (High Cube 40-foot thawv)
• Internal Dimensions: 11.95 × 2.34 × 2.68 m
• Max Gross Nyhav: 26 tons
• Usable Volume: approx. 68 CWB
• Lub Npe Npe: "High Cube Container"
Cov lus pom zoo rau kev thov:
• 20GP yog tsim rau cov khoom hnyav xws li cov vuas, ntoo, yas pellets, thiab cov khoom siv nruas.
• 40GP / 40HQ yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub teeb yuag lossis voluminous cargo, lossis cov khoom uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, xws li cov khoom siv hluavtaws, cov khoom ntim khoom, rooj tog zaum, lossis cov khoom siv tshuab.
Logistics Optimization: Los ntawm Shanghai mus rau Guangdong
Peb cov neeg siv khoom siv kev thauj mus los los ntawm Shanghai mus rau Guangdong. Txhua lub tsheb 13-meter nqa 33 tons ntawm cov khoom thauj ntawm tus nqi RMB 9,000 ib qho kev mus ncig, nrog rau lub sijhawm thauj mus los ntawm 2 hnub.
Tom qab hloov mus rau peb cov kev daws teeb meem kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv, tam sim no cov khoom thauj khoom thauj khoom siv 40HQ ntim, txhua tus nqa 26 tons. Tus nqi thauj khoom tshiab yog RMB 5,800 rau ib lub thawv, thiab lub sijhawm thauj mus los yog 6 hnub.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm tus nqi, kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv txo qis cov nqi logistics - los ntawm RMB 272 ib tuj mus rau RMB 223 ib tuj - ua rau txuag tau ze li RMB 49 ib tuj.
Raws li lub sijhawm, kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv yuav siv sijhawm 4 hnub ntev dua li kev thauj mus los. Qhov no xav kom tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau hloov kho sib xws hauv kev npaj cov khoom muag thiab kev teem sijhawm tsim khoom kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm.
Xaus:
Yog tias tus neeg siv khoom tsis xav tau kev xa khoom sai thiab tuaj yeem npaj cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam ua ntej, cov qauv kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv nthuav qhia tus nqi zoo dua, ruaj khov, thiab kev daws teeb meem rau ib puag ncig.